Gemstones

'''Gemstones'''

Also known as Gems, Jewels and Precious Stones. Most gemstones are classified as [[Minerals|minerals]] with rare exceptions such as pearls, amber, coral and jet. 

==Types of Gemstones==

===Amber===
Although found in the earth Amber is was produced by living organisms and is not considered a mineral, instead being classified as a mineraloid.

===Jet===
Although found in the earth Jet is was produced by living organisms and is not considered a mineral, instead being classified as a mineraloid.

==Lapis Lazuli==
Lapis lazuli is a mixture of minerals lazurite, calcite and sometimes pyrite and is classified as a rock. In the jewelry industry it is often referred to simply as 'lapis'.

====Garnets====
Unlike other gem families whose color variations result due to the presence of impurities, garnets colors  are due to differences in their actual chemical structure. Therefore they are classified as a 'group' unlike other families that are classified as a 'species'.

==History==
Throughout history people have always admired the beauty of gemstones and due to their rarity, placed have value on them.

==Gem Identification==
Methods used to identify gems from similar looking species, separate them from imitations and to recognize enhancements and treatments. Since most gemstones are minerals that have a uniform chemical composition, giving them a consistent set of physical and optical properties, accurate measurement of these properties greatly helps gem identification.

===Issues===
Largest issues of gem identification are failing to consider all possibilities and misinterpreting test results.

==Imitations==
High value of gems have led to various forms of imitations over the years.

==Treatments==
Treatments developed to raise apperent value of stones.



[[Category:Gemology]]
@@ Line 5: / Line 5: @@
 ==Types of Gemstones==
-===Apatite===
+===Amber===
+Although found in the earth Amber is was produced by living organisms and is not considered a mineral, instead being classified as a mineraloid.
-===Azurite===
+===Jet===
+Although found in the earth Jet is was produced by living organisms and is not considered a mineral, instead being classified as a mineraloid.
-===Benitoite===
+==Lapis Lazuli==
+Lapis lazuli is a mixture of minerals lazurite, calcite and sometimes pyrite and is classified as a rock. In the jewelry industry it is often referred to simply as 'lapis'.
-===Beryl===
+====Garnets====
-====Aquamarine====
-====Emerald====
-====Heliodore====
-====Morganite ====
-===Chalcedony===
-====Agate====
-*Dendritic Agate / Scenic Agate
-*Eye Agate / Orbicular Agate
-*Fire Agate
-*Iris Agate
-*Landscape Agate
-*Sardonyx / Sard
-====Aventurine====
-====Black Chalcedony / Black Onyx====
-====Bloodstone====
-====Carnelian====
-====Chrysoprase====
-====Heliotrope ====
-====Jasper====
-===Chrysocolla ===
-===Chrysoberyl===
-====Alexandrite====
-[[Alexandrite]]
-====Cat's Eye====
-===Cordierite===
-====Iolite====
-===Corundum===
-====Ruby====
-* Star Ruby
-====Sapphire ====
-* Star Sapphire
-===Diamond===
-===Diopside===
-====Chrome Diopside====
-===Feldspar===
-====Moonstone====
-====Sunstone====
-===Fluorite ===
-===Garnets===
 Unlike other gem families whose color variations result due to the presence of impurities, garnets colors  are due to differences in their actual chemical structure. Therefore they are classified as a 'group' unlike other families that are classified as a 'species'.
-====Almandite====
-* Demantoid
-* Rhodolite
-====Andratite====
-====Grossularite====
-*Hessonite
-*Tsavorite
-====Malaya====
-====Pyrope====
-* Rhodolite
-====Spessartine====
-====Uvarovite====
-===Grossularite===
-===Hematite===
-===Jadeite===
-====Jade====
-===Kyanite===
-===Labradorite===
-===Lapis Lazuli===
-Lapis lazuli is a mixture of minerals lazurite, calcite and sometimes pyrite and is classified as a rock. In the jewelry industry it is often referred to simply as 'lapis'.
-===Malachite===
-===Nephrite===
-====Jade====
-===Olivine===
-====Peridot====
-===Opal===
-===Organic===
-====Amber====
-Although found in the earth Amber is was produced by living organisms and is not considered a mineral, instead being classified as a mineraloid.
-====Corel====
-====Ivory====
-====Jet====
-Although found in the earth Jet is was produced by living organisms and is not considered a mineral, instead being classified as a mineraloid.
-====Pearl====
-====Shell====
-====Tortoise Shell====
-===Quartz===
-====Amethyst====
-====Ametrine====
-====Citrine====
-====Rock Crystal====
-====Rose Quartz====
-====Smoky Quartz====
-====Tiger's Eye Quartz====
-===Rhodochrosite===
-===Sinhalite===
-===Sodalite===
-===Sphene===
-====Titanite====
-===Spinel===
-===Sugilite===
-===Spodumene===
-====Hiddenite====
-====Kunzite====
-===Topaz===
-*Blue Topaz
-*Red Topaz
-===Tourmaline===
-*Green Tourmaline
-*Paraiba Tourmaline
-*Tri-color Tourmaline
-===Turquoise===
-===Zircon===
-===Zoisite===
-====Tanzanite====
 ==History==
@@ Line 168: / Line 30: @@
 ==Treatments==
-Treatments developed to raise apparent value of stones.
+Treatments developed to raise apperent value of stones.
 [[Category:Gemology]]