Rosh Hashanah
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== Day of Judgment == | == Day of Judgment == | ||
− | Rosh Hashana is a day of Remembrance in front of Hashem. On this day He remembers all creations and judges them; who will live, who will die, who will become rich and who will become poor etc. Hashem looks over the hearts of all creations all in one glance but at the same time perceives each creation individually | + | Rosh Hashana is a day of Remembrance in front of Hashem. On this day He remembers all creations and judges them; who will live, who will die, who will become rich and who will become poor etc. Hashem looks over the hearts of all creations all in one glance but at the same time perceives each creation individually. |
Aside from individuals, nations are also judged as a whole on Rosh Hashanah; which land will have prosperity, which land will have famine, which land will have war and which land will have peace. | Aside from individuals, nations are also judged as a whole on Rosh Hashanah; which land will have prosperity, which land will have famine, which land will have war and which land will have peace. | ||
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On Rosh Hashana, three books are opened in the heavenly court. Completely Righteous people are written in the Book of Life. Completely Evil are sealed for death. Everyone else in between have their final judgment delayed until Yom Kippor so they have a longer chance to repent. | On Rosh Hashana, three books are opened in the heavenly court. Completely Righteous people are written in the Book of Life. Completely Evil are sealed for death. Everyone else in between have their final judgment delayed until Yom Kippor so they have a longer chance to repent. | ||
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== Two Day Yom Tov == | == Two Day Yom Tov == | ||
− | Rosh Hashana is the only holiday that is observed for two days, even in Eretz Yisroel. Unlike the other two day holidays in Diaspora, these two days are considered one joint holiday and are called 'Yoma Arichta' (a long day). | + | Rosh Hashana is the only holiday that is observed for two days, even in Eretz Yisroel. Unlike the other two day holidays in Diaspora, these two days are considered one joint holiday and are called 'Yoma Arichta' (a long day). This causes a number of differences in Halacha. |
− | === Two Day Rosh Hashanah | + | === Reason for Two Day Rosh Hashanah === |
− | Prior to the establishment of a set Jewish calendar, each Rosh Chodesh was inaugurated at the sighting of the new moon. Each month there is a frame of two days during which exists a possibility for the birth of the new moon to appear. When the new moon was sighted, witnesses would travel to the Sanhedrin, testify and Rosh Chodesh would be announced. | + | Rosh Hashanah is the only holiday that falls out on Rosh Chodesh. Prior to the establishment of a set Jewish calendar, each Rosh Chodesh was inaugurated at the sighting of the new moon. Each month there is a frame of two days during which exists a possibility for the birth of the new moon to appear. When the new moon was sighted, witnesses would travel to the Sanhedrin, testify and Rosh Chodesh would be announced. Since there was no possible way of knowing if witnesses would arrive during the first or second day, both days were observed as Rosh Hashana to avoid accidentally |
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− | + | Many times the witness would only arrive during the day time, which meant the night before was retroactively holy. | |
− | + | This led to two issues. Firstly if the witnesses would arrive on either of the two possible days during later hours, it would mean the holiday of Rosh Hashana had already started the night before. In order to avoid the possibility of desecrating Rosh Hashana, Bais Din and the nation would start observing the holiday from first night that had a possibility of becoming 'Alef Tishrei'. | |
− | + | Some years however, witnesses of the new moon would not arrive until the second day. This meant that 'Alef Tishrei', the day that was just observed as Rosh Hashana, was a regular mundane day and was really the last day of Elul. Since there was no way of knowing when witnesses would arrive, there was no choice but to observe both days to avoid any possible desicaration of Rosh Hashana. | |
− | + | == No Hallel == | |
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Although Rosh Hashana is considered a holiday, the Hallel is not recited. Due to the tremendous awe and trepidation of this day when people are judged for life and death, it is not appropriate to sing the Hallel. | Although Rosh Hashana is considered a holiday, the Hallel is not recited. Due to the tremendous awe and trepidation of this day when people are judged for life and death, it is not appropriate to sing the Hallel. | ||
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[[Category:Jewish Holidays]] | [[Category:Jewish Holidays]] | ||
[[Category:Jewish Calendar]] | [[Category:Jewish Calendar]] |