Ottoman-Rule-of-Safed-1760-to-1918 - Revision history

ChaimV: /* Earthquake of 1837 */

2013-08-05T14:43:33Z

Earthquake of 1837

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:43, 5 August 2013
Line 41:		Line 41:

	== Earthquake of 1837==		== Earthquake of 1837==
−	In January 1837 a [[Safed 1837 Earthquake\|terrible earthquake]] destroyed Safed. Estimates of loss of life vary from 2000 dead to 4000 dead. Many of the survivors spent days trying to dig out their families and friends who had been buried underground. Buildings which did not collapse were buried by a landslide and, as with the 1759 earthquake, the only one of [[Tzfat-Synagogues\|Tzfat’s ancient synagogues]] left standing was the Alsheich and the wall which supported the Ark where the Torah scrolls were housed in the [[Abuhav Synagogue]]. In the [[Avritch Bat Ayin Synagogue\|Bat Ayin Synagogue]], Rabbi Avraham Dov Auerbach of Avritch saved his congregants by predicting the earthquakes moments before it happened and gathering his followers by the Torah Ark who's wall miraculously remained standing. Most Jews left Tzfat after the earthquake fearing another one. Some residents remained based on a vow made by Rabbi Avraham Dov Auerbach that no major earthquake would again hit Tzfas.	+	In January 1837 a [[Safed 1837 Earthquake\|terrible earthquake]] destroyed Safed. Estimates of loss of life vary from 2000 dead to 4000 dead. Many of the survivors spent days trying to dig out their families and friends who had been buried underground. Buildings which did not collapse were buried by a landslide and, as with the 1759 earthquake, the only one of [[Tzfat-Synagogues\|Tzfat’s ancient synagogues]] left standing was the [[Alsheich Synagogue Safed\|Alsheich]] and the wall which supported the Ark where the Torah scrolls were housed in the [[Abuhav Synagogue]]. In the [[Avritch Bat Ayin Synagogue\|Bat Ayin Synagogue]], Rabbi Avraham Dov Auerbach of Avritch saved his congregants by predicting the earthquakes moments before it happened and gathering his followers by the Torah Ark who's wall miraculously remained standing. Most Jews left Tzfat after the earthquake fearing another one. Some residents remained based on a vow made by Rabbi Avraham Dov Auerbach that no major earthquake would again hit Tzfas.

	[[File:more.jpg\|link=]] '''Read full Zissil article on the [[Safed 1837 Earthquake\|1837 Earthquake in Tzfat]]		[[File:more.jpg\|link=]] '''Read full Zissil article on the [[Safed 1837 Earthquake\|1837 Earthquake in Tzfat]]

ChaimV: /* Pogrom */

2013-08-05T13:58:11Z

Pogrom

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:58, 5 August 2013
Line 36:		Line 36:
	As the Jews were beginning to establish their community anew following the plague, a rebellion by the local Bedouins and Arabs against the new local governor, Abrim Pacha, developed into a pogrom against the Jewish settlement of Tzfat. In June 1834 hundreds of Arabs, from the [[Artists-Quarter-Safed\|Arab Quarter]] of Safed, the area surrounding Tzfat and from across the Jordan River, [[1834 Safed Arab Pogrom\|invaded the city]]. They were able to move around freely, looting, destroying and murdering, everything and everyone in their path. The Jews fled with only the clothes on their backs. Some arrived at the nearby Jewish communities of Meron, Ein Zeytim and [[Biriya]] while others found shelter in local Arab villages.		As the Jews were beginning to establish their community anew following the plague, a rebellion by the local Bedouins and Arabs against the new local governor, Abrim Pacha, developed into a pogrom against the Jewish settlement of Tzfat. In June 1834 hundreds of Arabs, from the [[Artists-Quarter-Safed\|Arab Quarter]] of Safed, the area surrounding Tzfat and from across the Jordan River, [[1834 Safed Arab Pogrom\|invaded the city]]. They were able to move around freely, looting, destroying and murdering, everything and everyone in their path. The Jews fled with only the clothes on their backs. Some arrived at the nearby Jewish communities of Meron, Ein Zeytim and [[Biriya]] while others found shelter in local Arab villages.

−	After six weeks Abrim Pacha, who had been occupied in Jerusalem and not been aware of the situation in Safed, requested that his Druze allies relieve Tzfat. The Druze forces recaptured Tzfat from the marauders and allowed the Jews to return. ~~They arrested all~~ of the perpetrators ~~that they could find, including many Arab residents of Arab-Safed~~.	+	After six weeks Abrim Pacha, who had been occupied in Jerusalem and not been aware of the situation in Safed, requested that his Druze allies relieve Tzfat. The Druze forces recaptured Tzfat from the marauders and allowed the Jews to return. Some of the Arab perpetrators were arrested and hung but the Jews hardly received compensation for their damages.

	[[File:more.jpg\|link=]] '''Read full Zissil article on the [[1834 Safed Arab Pogrom]]		[[File:more.jpg\|link=]] '''Read full Zissil article on the [[1834 Safed Arab Pogrom]]

ChaimV at 12:20, 5 August 2013

2013-08-05T12:20:05Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:20, 5 August 2013
Line 9:		Line 9:
	\|data8 = History of Safed during the second part of the Turkish-Ottoman rule, years 1760 - 1918}}		\|data8 = History of Safed during the second part of the Turkish-Ottoman rule, years 1760 - 1918}}

−	Following the destruction caused by the [[Safed 1759 Earthquake\|1759 earthquake]], the Jewish population of [[Safed]] plummeted. Most survivors left the city and moved to other Jewish centers including Jerusalem and Tiberias. The '''final 158 years of the Turkish-Ottoman rule in Tzfat''' saw many changes in the fortunes of the city. New immigrants including both Hassidim and Misnagdim began to arrive from Eastern Europe settling together with the veteran Sefardic inhabitants. New challenges and events including a deadly plague in 1812, an [[1834 Safed Arab Pogrom\|Arab progrom in 1834]], another devastating [[Safed-1837-Earthquake\|earthquake in 1837]] and [[1838-Safed-Plunder\|Druze rampage in 1838]] greatly tested the resistance of the Tzfat community but it continued to survive.	+	Following the destruction caused by the [[Safed 1759 Earthquake\|1759 earthquake]], the Jewish population of [[Safed]] plummeted. Most survivors left the city and moved to other Jewish centers including Jerusalem and Tiberias. The '''final 158 years of the Turkish-Ottoman rule in Tzfat''' saw many changes in the fortunes of the city. New immigrants including both Hassidim and Misnagdim began to arrive from Eastern Europe settling together with the veteran Sefardic inhabitants. New challenges and events including a deadly plague in 1812, an [[1834 Safed Arab Pogrom\|Arab progrom in 1834]], another devastating [[Safed-1837-Earthquake\|earthquake in 1837]] and a [[1838-Safed-Plunder\|Druze rampage in 1838]] greatly tested the resistance of the Tzfat community but it continued to survive.

	== Aftermath of the Earthquake ==		== Aftermath of the Earthquake ==

ChaimV at 12:19, 5 August 2013

2013-08-05T12:19:08Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:19, 5 August 2013
Line 9:		Line 9:
	\|data8 = History of Safed during the second part of the Turkish-Ottoman rule, years 1760 - 1918}}		\|data8 = History of Safed during the second part of the Turkish-Ottoman rule, years 1760 - 1918}}

−	Following the destruction caused by the [[Safed 1759 Earthquake\|1759 earthquake]], the Jewish population of [[Safed]] plummeted. Most survivors left the city and moved to other Jewish centers including Jerusalem and Tiberias. The '''final 158 years of the Turkish-Ottoman rule in Tzfat''' saw many changes in the fortunes of the city. New immigrants including both Hassidim and Misnagdim began to arrive from Eastern Europe ~~and lived,~~ together with the veteran Sefardic inhabitants. New challenges and events including a deadly plague in 1812, an [[1834 Safed Arab Pogrom\|Arab progrom in 1834]], another devastating [[Safed-1837-Earthquake\|earthquake in 1837]] and [[1838-Safed-Plunder\|Druze rampage in 1838]] greatly tested the resistance of the Tzfat community but it continued to survive.	+	Following the destruction caused by the [[Safed 1759 Earthquake\|1759 earthquake]], the Jewish population of [[Safed]] plummeted. Most survivors left the city and moved to other Jewish centers including Jerusalem and Tiberias. The '''final 158 years of the Turkish-Ottoman rule in Tzfat''' saw many changes in the fortunes of the city. New immigrants including both Hassidim and Misnagdim began to arrive from Eastern Europe settling together with the veteran Sefardic inhabitants. New challenges and events including a deadly plague in 1812, an [[1834 Safed Arab Pogrom\|Arab progrom in 1834]], another devastating [[Safed-1837-Earthquake\|earthquake in 1837]] and [[1838-Safed-Plunder\|Druze rampage in 1838]] greatly tested the resistance of the Tzfat community but it continued to survive.

	== Aftermath of the Earthquake ==		== Aftermath of the Earthquake ==

ChaimV at 12:15, 5 August 2013

2013-08-05T12:15:47Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:15, 5 August 2013
Line 9:		Line 9:
	\|data8 = History of Safed during the second part of the Turkish-Ottoman rule, years 1760 - 1918}}		\|data8 = History of Safed during the second part of the Turkish-Ottoman rule, years 1760 - 1918}}

−	Following the destruction caused by the [[Safed 1759 Earthquake\|1759 earthquake]], the Jewish population of [[Safed]] plummeted. Most survivors left the city and moved to other Jewish centers including Jerusalem and Tiberias. The final 158 years of the Turkish-Ottoman rule in Tzfat saw many changes in the fortunes of the city. New immigrants began to arrive from Eastern Europe and lived, together with the veteran inhabitants~~, through new~~ challenges and events.	+	Following the destruction caused by the [[Safed 1759 Earthquake\|1759 earthquake]], the Jewish population of [[Safed]] plummeted. Most survivors left the city and moved to other Jewish centers including Jerusalem and Tiberias. The '''final 158 years of the Turkish-Ottoman rule in Tzfat''' saw many changes in the fortunes of the city. New immigrants including both Hassidim and Misnagdim began to arrive from Eastern Europe and lived, together with the veteran Sefardic inhabitants. New challenges and events including a deadly plague in 1812, an [[1834 Safed Arab Pogrom\|Arab progrom in 1834]], another devastating [[Safed-1837-Earthquake\|earthquake in 1837]] and [[1838-Safed-Plunder\|Druze rampage in 1838]] greatly tested the resistance of the Tzfat community but it continued to survive.

	== Aftermath of the Earthquake ==		== Aftermath of the Earthquake ==

ChaimV at 12:09, 5 August 2013

2013-08-05T12:09:27Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:09, 5 August 2013
Line 41:		Line 41:

	== Earthquake of 1837==		== Earthquake of 1837==
−	In January 1837 a [[Safed 1837 Earthquake\|terrible earthquake]] destroyed Safed. Estimates of loss of life vary from 2000 dead to 4000 dead. Many of the survivors spent days trying to dig out their families and friends who had been buried underground. Buildings which did not collapse were buried by a landslide and, as with the 1759 earthquake, the only one of [[Tzfat-Synagogues\|Tzfat’s ancient synagogues]] left standing was the Alsheich and the wall which supported the Ark where the Torah scrolls were housed in the [[Abuhav Synagogue]]. In the [[Avritch Bat Ayin Synagogue\|Bat Ayin Synagogue]], Rabbi Avraham Dov Auerbach of Avritch saved his congregants by predicting the earthquakes moments before it happened and gathering his followers by the Torah Ark who's wall miraculously remained standing. Most Jews left Tzfat after the earthquake. Some residents remained based on a vow made by Rabbi Avraham Dov Auerbach that no major earthquake would again hit Tzfas.	+	In January 1837 a [[Safed 1837 Earthquake\|terrible earthquake]] destroyed Safed. Estimates of loss of life vary from 2000 dead to 4000 dead. Many of the survivors spent days trying to dig out their families and friends who had been buried underground. Buildings which did not collapse were buried by a landslide and, as with the 1759 earthquake, the only one of [[Tzfat-Synagogues\|Tzfat’s ancient synagogues]] left standing was the Alsheich and the wall which supported the Ark where the Torah scrolls were housed in the [[Abuhav Synagogue]]. In the [[Avritch Bat Ayin Synagogue\|Bat Ayin Synagogue]], Rabbi Avraham Dov Auerbach of Avritch saved his congregants by predicting the earthquakes moments before it happened and gathering his followers by the Torah Ark who's wall miraculously remained standing. Most Jews left Tzfat after the earthquake fearing another one. Some residents remained based on a vow made by Rabbi Avraham Dov Auerbach that no major earthquake would again hit Tzfas.

	[[File:more.jpg\|link=]] '''Read full Zissil article on the [[Safed 1837 Earthquake\|1837 Earthquake in Tzfat]]		[[File:more.jpg\|link=]] '''Read full Zissil article on the [[Safed 1837 Earthquake\|1837 Earthquake in Tzfat]]
Line 57:		Line 57:

	== End of Turkish Rule ==		== End of Turkish Rule ==
−	The waning decades of Turkish rule ~~in Tzfat stabilized~~ for the population of Tzfat. Abdul Majīd, the Turkish governor, maintained order and did not abuse the Jews. New settlers arrived, bringing the Jewish population of 1895 to 6,620 residents. The Arab population also numbered approximately 6000 residents.	+	The waning decades of Turkish rule were stable for the population of Tzfat. Abdul Majīd, the Turkish governor, maintained order and did not abuse the Jews. New settlers arrived, bringing the Jewish population of 1895 to 6,620 residents. The Arab population also numbered approximately 6000 residents.

−	Most of the Jewish population lived off the “Haluka” – donations -- collected abroad during this time. Rabbi M. Taubenhaus opened a weaving shop in Safed to provide employment for Jewish workers, bakeries and other small workshops opened and some Sepharadi residents made a living from trade and handicrafts. Rabbi Yaakov David ~~know~~ as "Ridbaz," a great Torah scholar, served as Tzfat’s chief rabbi and fought to reinstitute full observance of the “shmitta” -- Sabbatical -- year in Israel.	+	Most of the Jewish population lived off the “Haluka” – donations -- collected abroad during this time. Rabbi M. Taubenhaus opened a weaving shop in Safed to provide employment for Jewish workers, bakeries and other small workshops opened and some Sepharadi residents made a living from trade and handicrafts. Rabbi Yaakov David known as "Ridbaz," a great Torah scholar, served as Tzfat’s chief rabbi and fought to reinstitute full observance of the “shmitta” -- Sabbatical -- year in Israel.

−	The poverty of the Jewish community encouraged Christian missionaries to target the Jewish residents. Taking advantage of the lack of health care in the region, the Christian missionaries established the Scottish hospital whose goal was to encourage conversion. Several Tzfat Jews did convert ~~and~~ a Jewish hospital ~~opened~~ in 1912, thanks to the donations of the Baron Rothchild.	+	The poverty of the Jewish community encouraged Christian missionaries to target the Jewish residents. Taking advantage of the lack of health care in the region, the Christian missionaries established the Scottish hospital whose goal was to encourage conversion. Several Tzfat Jews did convert leading to the creation of a Jewish hospital in 1912, thanks to the donations of the Baron Rothchild.

−	~~The years~~ of the First World War were extremely difficult for the Jews of Tzfat. Donations from overseas dried up and the Ottoman Turks persecuted the Jews whom they suspected of supporting the British. The citizens suffered from famine and over half of the population left the city. Many citizens emigrated to Brazil, Australia, Canada and the United States. When the British, under General Allenby, [[British Rule of Safed 1918 to 1948\|took over the city]] in 1918 the Jewish population of the city numbered less than 3000 residents.	+	Years of the First World War were extremely difficult for the Jews of Tzfat. Donations from overseas dried up and the Ottoman Turks persecuted the Jews whom they suspected of supporting the British. The citizens suffered from famine and over half of the population left the city. Many citizens emigrated to Brazil, Australia, Canada and the United States. When the British, under General Allenby, [[British Rule of Safed 1918 to 1948\|took over the city]] in 1918 the Jewish population of the city numbered less than 3000 residents.

ChaimV at 12:02, 5 August 2013

2013-08-05T12:02:18Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:02, 5 August 2013
Line 12:		Line 12:

	== Aftermath of the Earthquake ==		== Aftermath of the Earthquake ==
−	The ~~earthquake of~~ 1759 destroyed a good portion of ~~the city~~. A landslide covered over many of the structures that did not collapse and only one synagogue, [[Alsheich Synagogue Safed\|the Alsheich]], remained standing and ~~useable~~. Most of the population left but the survivors began to rebuild.	+	The [[Safed 1759 Earthquake\|1759 earthquake]] destroyed a good portion of Tzfat. A landslide covered over many of the structures that did not collapse and only one synagogue, [[Alsheich Synagogue Safed\|the Alsheich]], remained standing and usable. Most of the population left but the survivors began to rebuild.

	== New Immigrants ==		== New Immigrants ==
−	Beginning in 1765 new immigrants from Eastern Europe began to come to Israel. The trickle started in 1765 and increased dramatically in 1777 when many of the new immigrants came to Safed. ~~The new~~ residents of Safed consisted of ~~followers of two Ashkanazi traditions, the Hassidic philosophy and that of the “Mitnagdim” -~~- those who opposed Hassidism.	+	Beginning in 1765 new immigrants from Eastern Europe began to come to Israel. The trickle started in 1765 and increased dramatically in 1777 when many of the new immigrants came to Safed. New residents of Safed consisted of either Hassidim or Mitnagdim - those who opposed Hassidism. Both groups were of Ashkanazi lineage.

	Hassidism taught that Jews can serve G-d by worshiping through joy and heartfelt prayer, and by treating their fellows with loving-kindness. The Hassidic founders did not place great emphasis on textual study, a fact that the “Mitnagdim” -- opponents -- found unacceptable. The communities were split in Europe and even once they arrived in Israel, each community maintained its own institutions and communal functions.		Hassidism taught that Jews can serve G-d by worshiping through joy and heartfelt prayer, and by treating their fellows with loving-kindness. The Hassidic founders did not place great emphasis on textual study, a fact that the “Mitnagdim” -- opponents -- found unacceptable. The communities were split in Europe and even once they arrived in Israel, each community maintained its own institutions and communal functions.
Line 22:		Line 22:

	=== Hassidic Aliyah ===		=== Hassidic Aliyah ===
−	Hassidic teachings emphasize the efforts that their revered founder, the Ba’al Shem Tov, made to come to the Land of Israel. He was not able to ~~make~~ the trip but by the mid 18th century many of his followers were attempting the journey. The trips were dangerous and difficult but in 1777 the first group, led by Menachem Mendel of Vitebsk and Abraham of Kalisz led 300 people on a four month voyage from Galatz, Romania to Constantinople and from there to Acre. The group settled in Safed though afterwards some families moved to Tiberias. Early Hassidic settlers in Tzfat included Rabbi Rabbi Chaim Hager of Kosov, Rabbi Klonymos Kalman Halevi Epstein and Rabbi Avraham Dov of Avritch. Each Hassidic community established their own synagogue. The Hassidic communities in Tzfat during the late 18th and early included [[Chabad in Safed\|Chabad]], Breslev, [[Sanz Community Safed\|Sanz]], Stolner, Karlin, Mekarev, Cherynobyl and Lemberg.	+	Hassidic teachings emphasize the efforts that their revered founder, the Ba’al Shem Tov, made to come to the Land of Israel. He was not able to complete the trip but by the mid 18th century many of his followers were attempting the journey. The trips were dangerous and difficult but in 1777 the first group, led by Menachem Mendel of Vitebsk and Abraham of Kalisz led 300 people on a four month voyage from Galatz, Romania to Constantinople and from there to Acre. The group settled in Safed though afterwards some families moved to Tiberias. Early Hassidic settlers in Tzfat included Rabbi Rabbi Chaim Hager of Kosov, Rabbi Klonymos Kalman Halevi Epstein and Rabbi Avraham Dov of Avritch. Each Hassidic community established their own synagogue. The Hassidic communities in Tzfat during the late 18th and early included [[Chabad in Safed\|Chabad]], Breslev, [[Sanz Community Safed\|Sanz]], Stolner, Karlin, Mekarev, Cherynobyl and Lemberg.

	=== Mitnagdim ===		=== Mitnagdim ===
Line 34:		Line 34:

	== Pogrom ==		== Pogrom ==
−	As the Jews were beginning to establish their community anew following the plague, a rebellion by the local Bedouins and Arabs against the new local governor, Abrim Pacha, developed into a pogrom against the Jewish settlement of Tzfat. In June 1834 hundreds of Arabs, from the Arab Quarter of Safed, the area surrounding Tzfat and from across the Jordan River, [[1834 Safed Arab Pogrom\|invaded the city]]. They were able to move around freely, looting, destroying and murdering, everything and everyone in their path. The Jews fled with only the clothes on their backs. Some arrived at the nearby Jewish communities of Meron, Ein Zeytim and [[Biriya]] while others found shelter in local Arab villages.	+	As the Jews were beginning to establish their community anew following the plague, a rebellion by the local Bedouins and Arabs against the new local governor, Abrim Pacha, developed into a pogrom against the Jewish settlement of Tzfat. In June 1834 hundreds of Arabs, from the [[Artists-Quarter-Safed\|Arab Quarter]] of Safed, the area surrounding Tzfat and from across the Jordan River, [[1834 Safed Arab Pogrom\|invaded the city]]. They were able to move around freely, looting, destroying and murdering, everything and everyone in their path. The Jews fled with only the clothes on their backs. Some arrived at the nearby Jewish communities of Meron, Ein Zeytim and [[Biriya]] while others found shelter in local Arab villages.

	After six weeks Abrim Pacha, who had been occupied in Jerusalem and not been aware of the situation in Safed, requested that his Druze allies relieve Tzfat. The Druze forces recaptured Tzfat from the marauders and allowed the Jews to return. They arrested all of the perpetrators that they could find, including many Arab residents of Arab-Safed.		After six weeks Abrim Pacha, who had been occupied in Jerusalem and not been aware of the situation in Safed, requested that his Druze allies relieve Tzfat. The Druze forces recaptured Tzfat from the marauders and allowed the Jews to return. They arrested all of the perpetrators that they could find, including many Arab residents of Arab-Safed.

Simcha at 19:36, 11 October 2012

2012-10-11T19:36:45Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:36, 11 October 2012
Line 1:		Line 1:
−	~~('''~~Hebrew~~'''~~: צפת בתקופה האוטומני ~~/ '''Pronunciation''': Ot-ta-man / '''Spelling''': Otoman / '''~~Other Names~~'''~~: Turkish Era, Tzfat history of the late Ottoman period ~~/ '''Definition''': Safed history 1760 - 1918 / '''~~Description~~'''~~: History of Safed during the second part of the Turkish-Ottoman rule)	+	{{Infobox
		+	\|title = Ottoman Era Tzfat
		+	\|image = [[File:Space holder.jpg\|215px\|alt=Ottoman Era Tzfat]]
		+	\|header1 = Hebrew:
		+	\|data2 = צפת בתקופה האוטומני
		+	\|header5 = Other Names:
		+	\|data6 = Turkish Era, Tzfat history of the late Ottoman period
		+	\|header7 = Description:
		+	\|data8 = History of Safed during the second part of the Turkish-Ottoman rule, years 1760 - 1918}}

	Following the destruction caused by the [[Safed 1759 Earthquake\|1759 earthquake]], the Jewish population of [[Safed]] plummeted. Most survivors left the city and moved to other Jewish centers including Jerusalem and Tiberias. The final 158 years of the Turkish-Ottoman rule in Tzfat saw many changes in the fortunes of the city. New immigrants began to arrive from Eastern Europe and lived, together with the veteran inhabitants, through new challenges and events.		Following the destruction caused by the [[Safed 1759 Earthquake\|1759 earthquake]], the Jewish population of [[Safed]] plummeted. Most survivors left the city and moved to other Jewish centers including Jerusalem and Tiberias. The final 158 years of the Turkish-Ottoman rule in Tzfat saw many changes in the fortunes of the city. New immigrants began to arrive from Eastern Europe and lived, together with the veteran inhabitants, through new challenges and events.

Simcha: /* End of Turkish Rule */

2012-03-15T20:35:36Z

End of Turkish Rule

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:35, 15 March 2012
Line 56:		Line 56:

	The years of the First World War were extremely difficult for the Jews of Tzfat. Donations from overseas dried up and the Ottoman Turks persecuted the Jews whom they suspected of supporting the British. The citizens suffered from famine and over half of the population left the city. Many citizens emigrated to Brazil, Australia, Canada and the United States. When the British, under General Allenby, [[British Rule of Safed 1918 to 1948\|took over the city]] in 1918 the Jewish population of the city numbered less than 3000 residents.		The years of the First World War were extremely difficult for the Jews of Tzfat. Donations from overseas dried up and the Ottoman Turks persecuted the Jews whom they suspected of supporting the British. The citizens suffered from famine and over half of the population left the city. Many citizens emigrated to Brazil, Australia, Canada and the United States. When the British, under General Allenby, [[British Rule of Safed 1918 to 1948\|took over the city]] in 1918 the Jewish population of the city numbered less than 3000 residents.
		+
		+
		+
		+	{{Safed History}}

	[[Category:Safed]]		[[Category:Safed]]
	[[Category:Jewish History]]		[[Category:Jewish History]]

Simcha: /* Plunder of 1838 */

2012-03-14T21:43:48Z

Plunder of 1838

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:43, 14 March 2012
Line 40:		Line 40:
	Those few families who stayed in Safed following the earthquake were targeted by [[1838 Safed Plunder\|Druze marauders in 1838]]. These robbers, the same people who had halted the Arab plunder of 1834, attacked Safed as part of their own struggle against Abrim Pacha. They destroyed anything that had been left standing after the earthquake. Rabbi Joseph Schwarz, a traveler who visited the city in 1850 wrote that “under the present government, Safed is left entirely exposed to the pleasure of the surrounding Bedouins and Arabs, and its Jewish inhabitants lead a constant life of terror”. He noted that in 1850 there were two functioning synagogues in Safed, one for the Ashkanazim which served about 200 families and one for the Sepharadim which served about 150 families.		Those few families who stayed in Safed following the earthquake were targeted by [[1838 Safed Plunder\|Druze marauders in 1838]]. These robbers, the same people who had halted the Arab plunder of 1834, attacked Safed as part of their own struggle against Abrim Pacha. They destroyed anything that had been left standing after the earthquake. Rabbi Joseph Schwarz, a traveler who visited the city in 1850 wrote that “under the present government, Safed is left entirely exposed to the pleasure of the surrounding Bedouins and Arabs, and its Jewish inhabitants lead a constant life of terror”. He noted that in 1850 there were two functioning synagogues in Safed, one for the Ashkanazim which served about 200 families and one for the Sepharadim which served about 150 families.

−	[[File:more.jpg\|link=]] '''Read full Zissil article on the [[[1838 Safed Plunder]]	+	[[File:more.jpg\|link=]] '''Read full Zissil article on the [[1838 Safed Plunder]]

	=== Assistance ===		=== Assistance ===