Mamluke-Era-of-Safed-1266-to-1517 - Revision history

ChaimV at 20:29, 1 August 2013

2013-08-01T20:29:56Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:29, 1 August 2013
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	\|data8 = Development and history of Safed during the Mamluke period, years 1266 - 1517.}}		\|data8 = Development and history of Safed during the Mamluke period, years 1266 - 1517.}}

−	The '''Mamluke Sultan al-Zahir Baybars''' allowed Jews to remain in '''[[Safed\|Tzfat]]''' and develop the Jewish community in the town following the Mamluke defeat of the [[Crusaders in Safed\|Crusaders]] in 1266. The Sultan Baybars, who came from Egypt, expanded a great deal of energy to reinforce the city and its population due to its strategic position. Most Jews at the time worked in light trade or as shopkeepers. Towards the end of the Mamluke Era, Tzfat started absorbing many refugees from Spain, especially following the 1492 Explosion. A wool textile industry then started ~~developing~~ in Tzfat providing employment to many of its residents who used the streams of the nearby [[Wadi Amud Safed\|Wadi Amud valley]] to power their fulling mills. In 1517 the Mamlukes were defeated by the [[Ottoman Rule of Safed 1517 to 1759\|Ottomans]]	+	The '''Mamluke Sultan al-Zahir Baybars''' allowed Jews to remain in '''[[Safed\|Tzfat]]''' and develop the Jewish community in the town following the Mamluke defeat of the [[Crusaders in Safed\|Crusaders]] in 1266. The Sultan Baybars, who came from Egypt, expanded a great deal of energy to reinforce the city and its population due to its strategic position. Most Jews at the time worked in light trade or as shopkeepers. Towards the end of the Mamluke Era, Tzfat started absorbing many refugees from Spain, especially following the 1492 Explosion. A wool textile industry then started to develop in Tzfat, providing employment to many of its residents who used the streams of the nearby [[Wadi Amud Safed\|Wadi Amud valley]] to power their fulling mills. In 1517 the Mamlukes were defeated by the [[Ottoman Rule of Safed 1517 to 1759\|Ottomans]].

	== Sultan al-Zahir Baybars ==		== Sultan al-Zahir Baybars ==

ChaimV at 20:28, 1 August 2013

2013-08-01T20:28:47Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:28, 1 August 2013
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	\|data8 = Development and history of Safed during the Mamluke period, years 1266 - 1517.}}		\|data8 = Development and history of Safed during the Mamluke period, years 1266 - 1517.}}

−	The '''Mamluke Sultan al-Zahir Baybars''' allowed Jews to remain in '''[[Safed\|Tzfat]]''' and develop the Jewish community in the town following the Mamluke defeat of the [[Crusaders in Safed\|Crusaders]] in 1266. The Sultan Baybars, who came from Egypt, expanded a great deal of energy to reinforce the city and its population due to its strategic position. Most Jews at the time worked in light trade or as shopkeepers. Towards the end of the Mamluke Era, Tzfat started absorbing many refugees from Spain, especially following the 1492 Explosion. In 1517 the Mamlukes were defeated by the [[Ottoman Rule of Safed 1517 to 1759\|Ottomans]]	+	The '''Mamluke Sultan al-Zahir Baybars''' allowed Jews to remain in '''[[Safed\|Tzfat]]''' and develop the Jewish community in the town following the Mamluke defeat of the [[Crusaders in Safed\|Crusaders]] in 1266. The Sultan Baybars, who came from Egypt, expanded a great deal of energy to reinforce the city and its population due to its strategic position. Most Jews at the time worked in light trade or as shopkeepers. Towards the end of the Mamluke Era, Tzfat started absorbing many refugees from Spain, especially following the 1492 Explosion. A wool textile industry then started developing in Tzfat providing employment to many of its residents who used the streams of the nearby [[Wadi Amud Safed\|Wadi Amud valley]] to power their fulling mills. In 1517 the Mamlukes were defeated by the [[Ottoman Rule of Safed 1517 to 1759\|Ottomans]]

	== Sultan al-Zahir Baybars ==		== Sultan al-Zahir Baybars ==

ChaimV at 20:26, 1 August 2013

2013-08-01T20:26:07Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:26, 1 August 2013
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	\|data8 = Development and history of Safed during the Mamluke period, years 1266 - 1517.}}		\|data8 = Development and history of Safed during the Mamluke period, years 1266 - 1517.}}

−	The Mamluke Sultan al-Zahir Baybars allowed Jews to ~~return to~~ [[Safed\|Tzfat]] and develop the Jewish community in the town following the Mamluke defeat of the [[Crusaders in Safed\|Crusaders ~~in 1266~~]]. The Sultan Baybars, who came from Egypt, expanded a great deal of energy to reinforce the city and its population due to its strategic position.	+	The '''Mamluke Sultan al-Zahir Baybars''' allowed Jews to remain in '''[[Safed\|Tzfat]]''' and develop the Jewish community in the town following the Mamluke defeat of the [[Crusaders in Safed\|Crusaders]] in 1266. The Sultan Baybars, who came from Egypt, expanded a great deal of energy to reinforce the city and its population due to its strategic position. Most Jews at the time worked in light trade or as shopkeepers. Towards the end of the Mamluke Era, Tzfat started absorbing many refugees from Spain, especially following the 1492 Explosion. In 1517 the Mamlukes were defeated by the [[Ottoman Rule of Safed 1517 to 1759\|Ottomans]]

	== Sultan al-Zahir Baybars ==		== Sultan al-Zahir Baybars ==

ChaimV: /* New Immigrants */

2013-08-01T20:19:31Z

New Immigrants

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:19, 1 August 2013
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	== New Immigrants ==		== New Immigrants ==
−	The worsening situation for Jews in Spain in the late 15th century brought increasing numbers of new Jewish immigrants to ~~Palestine~~. When Spain expelled the Jews in 1492, Spain’s Jews fled the country and many made their way to Tzfat. In particular, kabbalists were drawn to Tzfat due to its proximity to the gravesite of Rabbi Shimon Bar Yochai, author of the foundation of ~~kabbalah~~, the Zohar.	+	The worsening situation for Jews in Spain in the late 15th century brought increasing numbers of new Jewish immigrants to Israel. When Spain expelled the Jews in 1492, Spain’s Jews fled the country and many made their way to Tzfat. In particular, kabbalists were drawn to Tzfat due to its proximity to the gravesite of [[Rabbi Shimon Bar Yochai\|Rabbi Shimon Bar Yochai]], author of the foundation of [[Kabbalah]], the Zohar.

	As the Mamluke period drew to a close, the Golden Age of Safed was just beginning. The Mamlukes were defeated by the Ottomans in 1517 and the [[Ottoman Rule of Safed 1517 to 1759\|Ottoman rule of Safed]] began.		As the Mamluke period drew to a close, the Golden Age of Safed was just beginning. The Mamlukes were defeated by the Ottomans in 1517 and the [[Ottoman Rule of Safed 1517 to 1759\|Ottoman rule of Safed]] began.

ChaimV: /* Economy */

2013-08-01T20:15:30Z

Economy

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:15, 1 August 2013
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	=== Economy ===		=== Economy ===
−	Spanish Jews brought fulling mills with them to Safed. ~~The~~ technology, called “batan” allowed the residents to use the streams of the nearby [[Wadi Amud Safed\|Wadi Amud valley]] to create a wool textile industry. The technology involved beating the cloth while it was stretched over running water to tighten the threads of the fabric and create a smooth cloth. Safed became known for producing this material which provided employment for many residents.	+	Spanish Jews brought fulling mills with them to Safed. This technology, called “batan” allowed the residents to use the streams of the nearby [[Wadi Amud Safed\|Wadi Amud valley]] to create a wool textile industry. The technology involved beating the cloth while it was stretched over running water to tighten the threads of the fabric and create a smooth cloth. Safed became known for producing this material which provided employment for many residents.

	== Community Life ==		== Community Life ==

ChaimV: /* Sultan al-Zahir Baybars */

2013-08-01T20:12:38Z

Sultan al-Zahir Baybars

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:12, 1 August 2013
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	== Sultan al-Zahir Baybars ==		== Sultan al-Zahir Baybars ==
−	~~The~~ Sultan al-Zahir Baybars called Safed the “Tzephed Empire,” and considered it to be the capitol of the Mamluke Empire. This “kingdom” included the Carmel mountain range, the Upper, Western, and Lower Galilee, the Jordan Valley, northern Samaria, and Southern Lebanon. Beybars rebuilt the Crusader fortress on [[Metzuda of Safed\|Tzfat’s Citadel]] and added a 60-meter tower which could be seen in Acre. The Crusaders still held Acre at this point so this tower served two purposes -- as a defensive structure as well as a message to the Crusaders that their time in the land was coming to an end. In an exciting archaeological find, recent excavations of the Citadel uncovered the personal insignia of Sultan Beybars, a lion sculpture within a rock.	+	In 1266 the Sultan Baybars, who originated from Egypt defeat of the [[Crusaders in Safed\|Crusaders]] starting the 'Mamluke Era of Tzfat'. Sultan al-Zahir Baybars called Safed the “Tzephed Empire,” and considered it to be the capitol of the Mamluke Empire. This “kingdom” included the Carmel mountain range, the Upper, Western, and Lower Galilee, the Jordan Valley, northern Samaria, and Southern Lebanon. Beybars rebuilt the Crusader fortress on [[Metzuda of Safed\|Tzfat’s Citadel]] and added a 60-meter tower which could be seen in Acre. The Crusaders still held Acre at this point so this tower served two purposes -- as a defensive structure as well as a message to the Crusaders that their time in the land was coming to an end. In an exciting archaeological find, recent excavations of the Citadel uncovered the personal insignia of Sultan Beybars, a lion sculpture within a rock.

	== Institutions and Scholarship ==		== Institutions and Scholarship ==

ChaimV at 20:05, 1 August 2013

2013-08-01T20:05:58Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:05, 1 August 2013
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	{{Infobox		{{Infobox
	\|title = Mamluke Era of Tzfat		\|title = Mamluke Era of Tzfat
−	\|image = [[File:Space holder.jpg\|215px\|alt=~~amluke~~ Era of Tzfat]]	+	\|image = [[File:Space holder.jpg\|215px\|alt=Mamluke Era of Tzfat]]
	\|header1 = Hebrew:		\|header1 = Hebrew:
	\|data2 = צפת בתקופה ממלוקי		\|data2 = צפת בתקופה ממלוקי

Simcha: /* Sultan al-Zahir Baybars */

2013-02-19T21:44:55Z

Sultan al-Zahir Baybars

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:44, 19 February 2013
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	== Sultan al-Zahir Baybars ==		== Sultan al-Zahir Baybars ==
−	The Sultan al-Zahir Baybars called Safed the “Tzephed Empire,” and considered it to be the capitol of the Mamluke Empire. This “kingdom” included the Carmel mountain range, the Upper, Western, and Lower Galilee, the Jordan Valley, northern Samaria, and Southern Lebanon. Beybars rebuilt the Crusader fortress on [[Metzuda of Safed\|Tzfat’s Citadel]] and added a 60-meter tower which could be seen in Acre. The Crusaders still held Acre at this point so this tower served two purposes -- as a defensive structure as well as a message to the Crusaders that their time in the land was coming to an end. In an exciting archaeological find, recent excavations of the Citadel uncovered the personal insignia of Sultan Beybars, a lion sculpture within a rock. .	+	The Sultan al-Zahir Baybars called Safed the “Tzephed Empire,” and considered it to be the capitol of the Mamluke Empire. This “kingdom” included the Carmel mountain range, the Upper, Western, and Lower Galilee, the Jordan Valley, northern Samaria, and Southern Lebanon. Beybars rebuilt the Crusader fortress on [[Metzuda of Safed\|Tzfat’s Citadel]] and added a 60-meter tower which could be seen in Acre. The Crusaders still held Acre at this point so this tower served two purposes -- as a defensive structure as well as a message to the Crusaders that their time in the land was coming to an end. In an exciting archaeological find, recent excavations of the Citadel uncovered the personal insignia of Sultan Beybars, a lion sculpture within a rock.

	== Institutions and Scholarship ==		== Institutions and Scholarship ==

Simcha at 19:16, 11 October 2012

2012-10-11T19:16:47Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:16, 11 October 2012
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−	~~('''~~Hebrew~~'''~~: צפת בתקופה ממלוקי ~~/ '''~~Pronunciation~~'''~~: Mam-luki ~~/ Spelling: Mamluke / '''~~Other Names~~'''~~: Post-Crusader Safed History ~~/ '''Definition''': Safed history 1266 - 1517 / '''~~Description~~'''~~: Development and history of Safed during the Mamluke period)	+	{{Infobox
		+	\|title = Mamluke Era of Tzfat
		+	\|image = [[File:Space holder.jpg\|215px\|alt=amluke Era of Tzfat]]
		+	\|header1 = Hebrew:
		+	\|data2 = צפת בתקופה ממלוקי
		+	\|header3 = Pronunciation:
		+	\|data4 = Mam-luki
		+	\|header5 = Other Names:
		+	\|data6 = Post-Crusader Safed History
		+	\|header7 = Description:
		+	\|data8 = Development and history of Safed during the Mamluke period, years 1266 - 1517.}}

	The Mamluke Sultan al-Zahir Baybars allowed Jews to return to [[Safed\|Tzfat]] and develop the Jewish community in the town following the Mamluke defeat of the [[Crusaders in Safed\|Crusaders in 1266]]. The Sultan Baybars, who came from Egypt, expanded a great deal of energy to reinforce the city and its population due to its strategic position.		The Mamluke Sultan al-Zahir Baybars allowed Jews to return to [[Safed\|Tzfat]] and develop the Jewish community in the town following the Mamluke defeat of the [[Crusaders in Safed\|Crusaders in 1266]]. The Sultan Baybars, who came from Egypt, expanded a great deal of energy to reinforce the city and its population due to its strategic position.

Simcha: /* New Immigrants */

2012-03-15T20:34:52Z

New Immigrants

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:34, 15 March 2012
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	As the Mamluke period drew to a close, the Golden Age of Safed was just beginning. The Mamlukes were defeated by the Ottomans in 1517 and the [[Ottoman Rule of Safed 1517 to 1759\|Ottoman rule of Safed]] began.		As the Mamluke period drew to a close, the Golden Age of Safed was just beginning. The Mamlukes were defeated by the Ottomans in 1517 and the [[Ottoman Rule of Safed 1517 to 1759\|Ottoman rule of Safed]] began.
		+
		+
		+	{{Safed History}}

	[[Category:Safed]]		[[Category:Safed]]
	[[Category:Jewish History]]		[[Category:Jewish History]]